The Russia-Ukraine conflict has been going on since 2014 and continues to this day, creating a deep impact both in the Eastern European region and throughout the world. One of the main causes that makes this conflict continue is geopolitical tension between the two countries. Russia sees Ukraine as an important strategic region, while Ukraine wants to strengthen ties with Western countries, including NATO and the European Union. Ukraine’s desire to join the Western alliance has raised serious concerns in Moscow, which feels threatened by NATO expansion. Historical disputes also play an important role in this conflict. Since the Soviet era, Ukraine has had complex relations with Russia, including issues of national and cultural identity. After gaining independence in 1991, Ukraine attempted to build a stronger identity as an independent country. However, most of the population in eastern Ukraine, which is ethnically Russian, tends to be more loyal to Moscow. This created internal tensions that were exploited by Russia to support separatist movements in Donetsk and Luhansk. International sanctions are also an important factor contributing to the continuation of the conflict. Many Western countries, including the United States and European Union countries, imposed economic sanctions on Russia after it annexed Crimea. These sanctions aim to suppress the Russian economy, but instead, Russia uses these sanctions to strengthen its nationalist narrative and strengthen domestic support for aggressive foreign policies. Ukraine’s fragile economy also exacerbates the situation. The economic crisis and internal corruption make it difficult for the Ukrainian government to face security challenges and maintain its territorial integrity. With limited support from Western countries, Ukraine has been forced to scramble to strengthen its armed forces and confront the Russian threat. Additionally, conflicting propaganda influences public perception in both Russia and Ukraine. Media in both countries often spread narratives that exacerbate tensions, creating resentment and making dialogue difficult. A polarized society makes diplomatic efforts increasingly difficult, as individual political leaders try to maintain support among their voters. Finally, global political uncertainty, including Russia’s relations with other major countries, also influences the dynamics of the conflict. Tensions between Russia and Western countries often cause China to take a neutral position, while Russia tries to strengthen relations with non-Western countries. This creates new complexities in conflict resolution that prolong instability in the region. Given all these factors, the Russian-Ukrainian conflict looks set to continue. Without serious diplomatic efforts and commitment from all parties to find a solution, the road to peace remains long and winding.